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NetWire is a commodity remote access trojan (RAT) active since at least 2014.
Profile source: Mallory opens in a new tabNETWIRE
NetWire is a commodity remote access trojan (RAT) active since at least 2014. It has been used by financially motivated and nation-state actors for covert surveillance, unauthorized remote administration, data theft, fraud, and network intrusion. NetWire supports keylogging, desktop screen capture, process discovery, collection of local IP-address information, and theft of credentials stored by web browsers. It can establish persistence through Windows Registry autostart entries or scheduled tasks, stores configuration data in the Windows Registry, and has used process hollowing to run within benign Microsoft executables. Its configuration is RC4-protected, while command-and-control communications can use AES encryption and HTTP. NetWire has been distributed in email-based Microsoft OneNote lure campaigns that require user interaction with embedded content. Windows is a prominent target platform; NetWire has also been represented as capable of infecting major desktop operating systems.
C2 tracking
Derp observations, rolling seven-day window
Samples
301812ec9686f042bbc898127e40b809d14f95af436ffdfbb8b941612ea18d67 4c72e9de6748c8ebfbc3d3423eec3d91f68686d7eaba831cd652e6251f6fddb9 52a023165afcc1282e0c6fb5d8894986410b030be99cfd8202018f79e48d662f 9252db457b51aecb72b2ef2e76f1157adedf847212b74508387f8161ceaac91a ffa570093259a7d12ce7fd9a18e6d64111dd7821cc0df3cb2e326e156193961d Reported operators
These campaigns, detailed in our previous report, distributed payloads that included AgentTesla, Formbook, Lokibot, Netwire and Betabot.
According to the researcher’s observations, AsyncRAT, NetWire, WSH RAT, and Parallax appears to be the group’s top favorites being pushed most often in malicious messages.
To give an overview, here is a list of all observed tools and malware types the actor has been using in recent years: NetWire RAT
Between January and October 2019, each of the targets were sent spearphishing emails containing malicious links that, if opened, would have installed NetWire, a commercially available spyware.
Of particular note is how these actors use a Remote Administration Tool (RAT) named NetWire (part of the NetWiredRC malware family). This RAT gives a remote attacker complete control over a Windows, Mac OS X, or Linux system through a simple graphical user interface.
VMware Carbon Black Threat Analysis Unit (TAU) analyzed HYDSEVEN NetWire samples then implemented a scanner to discover active C2 servers on the Internet by emulating the customized C2 protocol.
The threat actor uses spearphishing with malicious documents to deliver malware, such as NetWire, DarkComet, and simple keyloggers... The primary malware families deployed were NetWire and DarkComet remote access trojans (RATs).
Bahamut utilized the publicly available, cross-platform remote administration tools (RATs) NETWIRE and Revenge RAT for remote control.
The top 10 of the RATs used in Nigerian BEC scams is formed by NetWire, DarkComet, NanoCore, LuminosityLink, Remcos, ImminentMonitor, NJRat, Quasar, Adwind, and Hworm.
The group relied exclusively on a variety of publicly available spyware and Remote Access Trojans (RATs), including AgentTesla, Lokibot, AzoRult, Pony, and NetWire.
Exploited software
MITRE ATT&CK
Reporting
Invicta Stealer is being spread through phishing emails that impersonate GoDaddy refund invoices, using an infection chain that begins with a malicious HTML attachment and progresses through ZIP, LNK, HTA, and PowerShell stages before installing the information-stealing malware. Researchers said the malware’s developer has promoted the family on Telegram, YouTube, and GitHub, including a free builder that appears to have lowered the barrier to entry for other threat actors and increased the stealer’s circulation. Once executed by the victim, Invicta Stealer gathers extensive host and user data, including browser information, Discord data, cryptocurrency wallet contents, Steam and KeePass artifacts, installed application details, and files from Desktop and Documents, then compresses and exfiltrates the data to a Discord webhook or other command-and-control endpoint. The campaign aligns with common user execution tradecraft in phishing-led intrusions, and the malware also uses anti-analysis features such as encrypted strings, syscalls, and multithreading while collecting system and application context from infected machines.
Elastic Endpoint Security added kernel-driver-derived file and registry telemetry to detect access to sensitive credential stores, including browser data, Windows SAM and LSA secrets, cached domain credentials, credential files, and Windows Credential Manager. Its behavior protections can block high-confidence credential-theft activity associated with tools and malware such as Mimikatz, LaZagne, AgentTesla, FormBook, and Poulight Stealer; KQL and EQL hunting can also identify processes opening multiple sensitive stores or SMB access following a network logon. Attackers commonly extract saved browser usernames, passwords, cookies, and session tokens from stores such as Chrome’s Login Data and Firefox’s key3.db, key4.db, and logins.json. They also dump Windows LSA secrets and cached domain credentials using utilities including Mimikatz, reg save, Impacket secretsdump.py, CrackMapExec, and gsecdump. Cached Windows credentials are generally stored as DCC2/MS-Cache v2 hashes and require offline cracking rather than pass-the-hash, while Linux Active Directory integrations may retain cached credentials in SSSD or Quest database files.
BianLian emerged as a Go-based ransomware family targeting organizations in manufacturing, education, healthcare, and BFSI, with victims reporting file encryption and double-extortion threats. The malware appends the .bianlian extension to encrypted files, drops a ransom note named "Look at this instruction.txt", and warns that allegedly stolen financial, client, business, technical, and personal data will be leaked within ten days unless payment is made through negotiations conducted over TOX Messenger and a Tor-based leak site. Technical analysis shows the malware was built to hinder detection and speed impact on victim systems. BianLian performs anti-analysis checks associated with MITRE ATT&CK T1497 virtualization and sandbox evasion, creates multiple threads to accelerate encryption, enumerates drives from A: through Z:, excludes selected files and folders from encryption, and deletes itself after execution. Its behavior also aligns with broader defense-evasion patterns such as executable obfuscation and packing captured in MITRE ATT&CK T1027.002, underscoring how the ransomware combines rapid file encryption with techniques intended to frustrate automated analysis and reverse engineering.
Collector Stealer—also marketed as COLLECTOR Project, CollectorGoomba, and formerly Memory Project—was sold as a Russian-language spyware service and used to steal saved browser credentials, cookies, personal data, screenshots, Telegram and Steam data, and cryptocurrency wallet information from infected Windows systems. Researchers said the malware was spread through phishing portals, fake software downloads, and bundled crack or riskware tools such as KMSAuto, often disguised as miners, game utilities, or activation packages. On infected hosts, it gathered data from browsers and applications, captured screenshots, scanned directories, extracted SQLite-stored information, and staged the loot in ZIP or RAR archives before sending it to attacker-controlled panels over HTTP POST. Analysis of the malware’s infrastructure showed that some builds fetched their command-and-control destination from a text file hosted on GitHub, with a fallback to a hard-coded justns.ru subdomain if retrieval failed. After the malicious GitHub repository was reported and removed, affected samples attempted to exfiltrate to an invalid 404: Not Found.ru destination and crashed, temporarily disrupting those variants. Operators later updated newer samples to use upaste[.]me for C2 redirection instead, indicating the stealer remained under active development and continued to evolve its exfiltration workflow and delivery ecosystem.
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